thanks sa book name..not intruiging.
Alexander Vilenkin
Physics Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155
Received 3 January 1983
A cosmological model is proposed in which the Universe is created by quantum tunneling from "nothing" into a de Sitter space. The tunneling is described by a de Sitter—Hawking—
Moss instanton.
After the tunneling, the model evolves along the lines of the inflationary scenario.
<<<< who made the tunnel?
It is argued that at any time there exist parts of the Universe which are still in the de Sitter phase, while other parts have already recollapsed.
This model does not have a big-bang singularity and does not require any initial or boundary conditions.
toinks..
from nothing into something..magic.
no mathematics eh..
Moss instanton:
An
instanton or
pseudoparticle is a
notion appearing in theoretical and
mathematical physics. Mathematically, a
Yang-Mills instanton is a self-dual or anti-self-dual
connection in a
principal bundle over a four-dimensional
Riemannian manifold that plays the role of physical
space-time in nonabelian
gauge theory. Instantons are topologically nontrivial solutions of
Yang-Mills equations that absolutely minimize the energy functional within their topological type. First such solutions were discovered in the case of four-dimensional Euclidean space compactified to the
four-dimensional sphere, and turned out to be localized in space-time, prompting the names
pseudoparticle and
instanton.
puro theory..not a real proof but a probable one..
that cud be nothing.