Take note that these
abortifacient contraceptives are what are being promoted
as "modern" contraceptive methods by HB 3773!
Fact Sheet - Contraceptive Pills Abortifacient
(This information has been researched and compiled by Patrick McCrystal
MPSNI/MPSI Pharmacists For Life International)
One of the clearly stated mechanisms inherent in the overall mode of
action of the pill is; "the rendering of the endometrium unreceptive to
implantation".[1] Put simply this means a newly created embryo is not
allowed to implant in its mother's womb. Since this action takes place
after fertilization (conception), it is thus, by definition,
abortifacient.[2,3] Indeed, clinical researchers suggest that this
mechanism does actually contribute to the contraceptive efficacy of oral
contraceptives.[4] Every chemical contraceptive preparation including
pills, injections, implants and intrauterine devices have this backup
mechanism as an intrinsic part of their overall mode of action should
conception occur.
The only way it could be stated with certainty that contraceptive drugs
are not abortifacient is if they completely abolish ovulation in every
woman during every cycle. This is clearly not the case. The evidence
reported in the table below reveals a wide range of ovulation depending
on the type of preparation used. This does not indicate a true
"contraceptive" action. Whilst reported ovulation rates under strictly
controlled clinical trial conditions are sometimes very low, the
clinical evidence indicates no pill or drug under typical in-use
conditions can be claimed to cessate ovulation absolutely in every
instance.
Code:
Table 1:
------------------------------------------------------------------
Contraceptive Rate of Ovulation Reference Breakthrough
------------------------------------------------------------------
Pregnancy
Combined Pill Up to 5% 5,6,7,8 0.1 ***
Progestogen-only
Pill 40-60% 9,10,11 0.3
Intra-uterine
Device (IUD) Up to 100% 12,13,14, 0.6
Norplant Implants 10-50% * 13,15 0.09
Depo-Provera
Injection 1% ** 16,17 % 0.3
------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:* Rising with each consecutive year of use.
** Derived from 0.3-0.7% breakthrough pregnancies/year.
*** Figures for 1st year of use, for perfect usage. See
Ref. [16]
That ovulation and fertilization do indeed occur bringing new human
embryos into existence during use of contraceptive drugs is evidenced by
the rate, albeit sometimes low, of unexpected breakthrough
pregnancy.[7,16,17,18] Such breakthrough pregnancies appear to occur
even during 'perfect' usage, i.e. even when women do not forget to take
their next dose or do not become ill.[16,18] These failure rates are
indicative only of the number of human embryos that reach the stage of a
verifiable implanted pregnancy; no indication is given of the scale of
loss of human embryos that fail to implant at the endometrial level
under the hormonal influence of these drugs. This occurrence
essentially amounts to early chemical abortion.
One author estimates the frequency of such chemical abortion as one in
88 menstrual cycles for a woman continually on the combined pill.[19]
This translates to 1.4 million pill-induced abortions in the U.S.A in
1989, based on an estimated 10 million users. Given the scale of these
"silent" abortions, based on the millions of women worldwide using
various drugs and devices, what we are considering here is truly a
"Pharmaceutical Holocaust".
Conclusion
There is a high degree of certainty that tiny human embryos die during
contraceptive drug use. What is important however is not the actual
figures involved but the fact that it happens at all. Given the dignity
and preciousness of all human life at all stages of existence, the
abortifacient nature of contraceptive drugs poses serious ethical and
moral problems for all doctors and pharmacists involved in their
promotion.
Endnotes:
1. ABPI Data Sheet Compendium. Datapharm Publications Ltd. 1996-1997
(Femodene) p 1007.
2. Stedmans Medical Dictionary 26th ed. William and Wilkins, London
1995.
3. Blakistons Gould Medical Dictionary 4th ed. New York 1979.
4. Somkuti, S.G., Fritz, M. et al. The effect of oral contraceptive
pills on markers of endometrical receptivity. Fertility and Sterility,
65(3) Mar 1996, pp 484-488.
5. Van der Vange, N. Ovarian activity during low dose oral
contraceptives. Contemporary Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Editor:
Chamberlain, G., Butterworths, London, 1988, pp319-326.
6. Grimes, D., Godwin, A., et al. Ovulation and follicular development
associated with three low dose oral contraceptives: A randomised
controlled trial. Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 83,(1) 1994, pp29-34.
7. Westcombe . R., Ellis, R. and Fotherby, K. Suppression of ovulation
in women using a triphasic oral contraceptive. British Journal of Family
Planning, 13, 1987, pp 127-132.
8. Ehmann, R., Abortifacient contraception -- the pharmaceutical
holocaust. Human Life International, Ontario, 1993, pp 7-16.
9. Langren, B.M. and Diczfalusy, E., Hormonal effects of the 300ug
norethisteone (NET) minipill. Contraception, 21, 1980, pp87-99.
10.Neal,, M.J., Medical Pharmacology at a glance. Blackwell Scientific
Publications, London, 1991, 11. Belfield, T., Contraceptive Handbook,
3rd ed. Family Planning Association, London, 1992, p 37.
12. Zatuchi, G. and Goldsmith, A., Long term Clinical experience with
levo-norgestrel-releasing IUD. Intra-uterine Contraception. Harper and
Row, Philadelphia, 1987, pp 232-237.
13. Croxatto , H.B Diaz, S. et al. Plasma progesterone levels during
long term treatment with levo-norgestrel and Copper IUD comparative
trail. Contraception 49, 1994, pp 56-72.
14. Andersson et al ., L-norgestrel and Copper IUD comparative trial.
Contraception ,49, 1994,pp 56-72.
15. Shaoban, M.M. et al., Sonographic assessment of ovarian and
endometrial changes during long-term Norplant use and their correlation
with hormone levels. Fertility and Sterility, 59(5), 1993, pp 998-1002.
16. Hatcher, R.A., Trussell, J .et al. Contraceptive Technology 16th ed.
Irvington Publishers, New York, 1994, pp 637-687.
17. Pardthaisong, T., Grey. R., In utero exposure to steroid
contraceptives and outcome of pregnancy. American Journal of
Epidemiology, 134,( 8 ), 15 Oct.1991 pp 795-803.
p 67.
18. Duncan, G., Harper, C. et al., Termination of pregnancy; lessons for
prevention. British Journal of Family Planning, 15, 1990, pp 112-117.
19. Kippley, J., The pill and early abortion. All About Issues, 8,
Aug-Sept 1989, p22-23.