Why Can’t We Confess our Sins Directly to Jesus?
I recently was asked this in an email exchange and thought I would elaborate on my answer in a post. Generally speaking, we can confess our sins directly to God. However in doing so we miss out on some of the benefits that sacramental confession brings.
When Was Confession Invented, Anyway?
The Catholic understanding of going to a priest for Confession was actually “invented” by Jesus Christ Himself while on earth. Near the end of His ministry, Jesus took the apostles aside:
John 20:19-23. On the evening of that day, the first day of the week, the doors being shut where the disciples were, for fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood among them and said to them, “Peace be with you.” When he had said this, he showed them his hands and His side. Then the disciples were glad when they saw the Lord. Jesus said to them again, “Peace be with you. As the Father has sent me, even so I send you.” And when he had said this, he breathed on them, and said to them, “Receive the Holy Spirit. If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven; if you retain the sins of any, they are retained.”
With the protestant mindset, this is nonsensical. Without a sacramental confession, Jesus basically gave them nothing. Or He gave all of us the ability not only to forgive the sins of others, but to retain them as well. Either way it doesn’t make sense why Jesus performs this act at such an important moment in Scripture and in His ministry.
But the Catholic understanding fits perfectly. Jesus called His priests aside and gave them power to forgive or retain sins in sacramental confession. It would not be possible for the priests to decide whether to forgive or retain sins without hearing what those sins were. In practical terms, Jesus’ words require the Catholic confession in order to make sense. Which means as Catholics we go to confession as Jesus chose for us to. The apostles began forgiving sins – see 1 Corinthians 5:3, where St. Paul explains that he has already “judged” another’s sin. In 2 Corinthians 2:10 he further explains that he forgives the sins of those that the Corinthians forgive.
Moving forward in the Church there are numerous instances of Christians explaining or defending confession over the years. So confession was Jesus’ preferred way of asking forgiveness, so why would you do it another way?
What are the Benefits of Confession?
The biggest benefit of Confession comes from the Biblical text itself: when we go to confession we can know with certainty that we are forgiven. Jesus gave his priests the power to forgive sins, so they can forgive our sins. Of course, Jesus is actually the one forgiving our sins, however the priest acts in persona Christi and uses the power Jesus gave them to forgive our sins. As a protestant you can hope that you are forgiven for your sins, but never fully know.
In addition Catholics can receive and perform penance, which removes the temporal punishment for sin. In particular this is important for mortal sins, which require satisfaction to be forgiven. The understanding of penance requires a deeper analysis of the issue than I will take up here, but in a future article I will address it. Catholics also receive additional graces to help them avoid future sin through the sacrament that cannot be obtained outside of it.
Finally there are other non-obvious benefits to confession. For example our humility is improved by requiring us to go to a priest and openly confess our sins (I know personally this has helped me to avoid sin!). Also we receive sound spiritual advice from the priest on avoiding temptations and improving our lives – the benefit of a psychologist with the power to forgive. This seems like a side benefit, but it is very important. As fallible humans we can convince ourselves of all kinds of things. For example, you can justify your sins by developing excuses. Priests, through the power God gave them, can help us to see through our pride and denial to the root of the problem. They can help you to understand the reason why you are sinning and give you practical advice for avoiding it. This is no mere trifle, it is a huge benefit that helps you on your road to heaven.
Confession is for all of us
From my point of view the biggest issues are (a) Jesus wanted us to do it this way; (b) we know we are forgiven; and (c) we receive additional grace to help us avoid sin in the future. If Jesus instructs us to do something a certain way, how can we be too arrogant to follow? If Christ told us to do something a certain way, we can rightly assume that He had a good reason for it.
God bless