Invalid parameter number: no parameters were bound in C: ...etc (PHP)

[akocdiego]

---

Mga master....Naa koy gihimo na social networking site, nya ako rah pud usa gahimo ani(kafaet oi).....mao ni final sah akong elective php karn na summer.....Naa nakoy nahimo na code na mo gana jud pero taas2x to ("dli PDO akong gamit") na inig login sa user, ma retrieve ang rows/data gikan sah akong sql para i display niya ang bio sah user

Karun nag testing ko ug lain, PDO akong g gamit sulod sa akong function para ma retrieve nako ang basic info sa user.
Ang error kay:

Warning: PDOStatement::execute(): SQLSTATE[HY093]: Invalid parameter number: no parameters were bound in C:\wamp\www\IT322_Finals\connectDB.php on line 77

Akong g suwayan ug retrieve ani kay ang firstname pah ug lastname.....

mao ni function akong nahimo sa akong connection php gkan sa database

function get_user($email,$index)
{
try
{
$db = new PDO(dbInfo,dbUser,dbPass);
$sql = 'SELECT fname,lname,bday,gender,country,city,contact_num, bio FROM user_info WHERE email =?';
$stmt = $db->prepare($sql);
$stmt->execute();
$first = "";
$last = "";
$bday = "";
$gender = "";
$country = "";
$city = "";
$contact = "";
$bio = "";
while($row = $stmt->fetch())
{
$first = $row['fname'];
$last = $row['lname'];
$bday = $row['bday'];
$gender = $row['gender'];
$country = $row['country'];
$city = $row['city'];
$contact = $row['contact_num'];
$bio = $row['bio'];
}
$db = null;
$u_info = array("Firstname"=>$first,"Lastname"=>$last,"Birth day"=>$bday,"Gender"=>$gender,"Country"=>$country, "City"=>$city,"Contact#"=>$contact,"Bio"=>$bio );
return $u_info[$index];
//return $email;
}
catch(PDOException $ex){ echo "Database Error", $ex->getMessage(); }
} //get_user

function getFname($email)
{
return get_user($email, "Firstname");
}

function getLname($email)
{
return get_user($email, "Lastname");
}

function getBday($email)
{
return get_user($email, "Birthday");
}

function getGender($email)
{
return get_user($email, "Gender");
}

function getCountry($email)
{
return get_user($email, "Country");
}

function getCity($email)
{
return get_user($email, "City");
}

function getContact($email)
{
return get_user($email, "Contact");
}

function getBio($email)
{
return get_user($email, "Bio");
}
----------------------------------------------------------------
nya php code nako sa akong profile.php na page

<?php include ('connectDB.php');


$getUser = "";
session_start();
if(!isset($_SESSION['email']))
{
header("Location:index.php");
}
else
{
$getUser = $_SESSION['email'];
}
?>
etc........
daun diri -----> <ul>
<li>Name: <?php echo getFname($getUser) . " " . getLname($getUser);?></li>
etc.........
</ul>
-------------------------------------------------
gah libog jud ko aning PDO.....pasensya kaau mga master sa akong problema

[ondoy]

basin limtan nimo ang email ani based saimo sql statement:
$stmt = $db->prepare($sql);

mrg dapat:
$stmt = $db->prepare($sql, "ang emaill address");

[akocdiego]

basin limtan nimo ang email ani based sa imo sql statement:
$stmt = $db->prepare($sql);

mrg dapat:
$stmt = $db->prepare($sql, "ang email address");

unsay pasabot nmo master? ang email na field sa akong mysql?

$stmt = $db->prepare($sql, "email")

pasensya kaau mga master ha kay nag self-study rah ko aning php ug kaning PDO kay purting hinaya sa among discussion nya ang g tudlo pa gyud sa among instructor kay katong mysqli_connect which prone to sql injection kuno

[ondoy]

suwayi daw ani:
$stmt = $db->prepare($sql, $email);

[akocdiego]

suwayi daw ani:
$stmt = $db->prepare($sql, $email);

mao ghapun master....ako lng sah i review ang logic ani nya kung d mada d nlng ko mo gamit aning PDO....salamat

[ondoy]

kalimot nmn gudko gamit ani
$db->prepare($sql);
$db->execute(array($email));
or kini
$db->execute($email);

[silent-kill]

onsa pasabot ani nga statement?

"'SELECT fname,lname,bday,gender,country,city,contact_num, bio FROM user_info WHERE email =?';"

naa questionmark?