Black metal is a type of extreme heavy metal music that started in the early 1980s. The genre is characterized by an aggressive and abrasive sound, coupled with a dark atmosphere.
The first bands with black metal characteristics included Bathory, Sodom, Mercyful Fate, Hellhammer/Celtic Frost and Venom. These bands were thrash metal bands that formed the prototype for the later second generation of black metal. The second wave of black metal started in the late 1980s and early 1990s, primarily in Norway. Black metal has been met with considerable hostility from mainstream culture, mainly because of the hateful and anti-religious attitude of many bands. Additionally, some black metal bands have been known to have associations with church burnings, murder, and National Socialism.