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Best Tips to Keep and Improve Vision

As the years go by, time can take a toll on your eyesight. Blurred vision, the inevitable glasses and more frequent visits to the ophthalmologist seem to come with age. Find out about 6 common eye conditions in women and tips to help improve vision...

Our joints ache, bones break and faces wrinkle. Now add eye problems to the list of age-related eye conditions women face. The longer we live, the more beating our sight takes. According to a Duke University study, women are more likely than men to develop vision problems as they get older.

Longevity is a factor, but blame our hormones too, specifically menopause, says James V. Aquavella, M.D., professor of ophthalmology at the University of Rochester Eye Institute in Rochester, N.Y.

That’s right, your eyes are two more body parts affected by fluctuating estrogen and progesterone levels. Still, you can take steps to save your eyesight, from eating better to giving up smoking.

Here are 6 age-related eye problems and tips for healthy eyes.

Cataracts
What they are: Cataracts, the world’s leading cause of blindness, are the clouding of the eye’s normally clear lens.

It’s a big problem for women because they’re living longer, says Ruth D. Williams, an ophthalmologist at the Wheaton (Ill.) Eye Clinic.

Although cataracts can happen at any age, they’re more likely after age 40.

Symptoms: The most common sign is cloudy or blurred vision. You may also experience glare, poor night vision or a sense that what you’re seeing, including colors, is less vivid.

Why we get them: No one really knows. Cataracts result when proteins in the lens clump, interfering with light as it enters the eye.

Treatment: Only surgery can cure a cataract, although sometimes corrective glasses and lighting changes can improve vision.

In a cataract operation, the eye lens is removed and replaced with an intraocular lens (IOL) implant. The surgery improves sight in 95% of patients.

Best preventive steps:

• Ditch the cigarettes. Smoking can increase risk – the result of fewer antioxidants in the bloodstream and less blood flow to the retina.
• Wear a wide-brimmed hat and good sunglasses. Williams recommends glasses with 100% UV filter, which will “protect the eyes from ultraviolet A and B rays that increase the development of cataracts.
• Lose weight and exercise. Being overweight raises your risk, perhaps because of higher glucose (blood sugar) levels.

• Eat fish. A Harvard study found that omega-3 fatty acids may help ward off cataracts and other eye disorders. Women who ate more fatty fish — which contain omega-3s — lowered their risk of cataracts by 12%. Eat fish twice a week or take a 1,000 mg fish oil supplement daily, Aquavella says.

Glaucoma
What it is: The second leading cause of blindness in the U.S., glaucoma occurs when pressure in the eye — intraocular pressure or IOP — is too high, damaging the optic nerve.
The most common type, open-angle glaucoma, affects men and women equally. But women are 2-4 times more likely than men to get the more dangerous closed-angle glaucoma, which accounts for 10% of cases, Williams says.

Why? Blame the shape of our eyes.
“The front chamber between the iris and cornea is shallower in women than in men,” she says. That can block fluids from draining out of the eye, which increases pressure.

Symptoms: Open-angle glaucoma is often painless and you may not realize your sight is damaged until about 40% of the optic nerve is destroyed. It first affects peripheral vision, so your tip-off may be black spots in your side vision.
With closed-angle glaucoma, you may feel a sudden sharp pain in your eye, nausea and blurred vision.
Because people can lose their vision within three hours after symptoms appear, it’s considered a medical emergency.

Why we get it: Glaucoma can also result from gene mutations or medications that can raise eye pressure, such as corticosteroids. Hispanics and blacks have a higher risk.

Treatment: Prescription eye drops, which you’ll need to use throughout your life, can lower eye pressure, delaying glaucoma’s progression. Surgery to improve fluid drainage is also an option if drops don’t work or if they cause side effects like burning or low blood pressure.

Best preventive steps: Get good eye exams. “The prognosis for glaucoma is excellent if you find it and treat it early,” Williams says.
The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends a baseline exam at age 40, followed by one every 2-4 years for those 40-65 years old, and every 1-2 years for anyone older than 65.

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
What it is: This condition gradually destroys your sharp, central vision — the sight that helps you drive and read. It affects the central part of the retina (the macula), which controls fine detail vision.
The most common type, “dry AMD,” occurs when the retina shrinks and small clumps of debris — called “drusen” — accumulate underneath it, blocking sight.
The other, more serious type, neovascular AMD (“wet AMD”), accounts for 10% of cases. It occurs when new blood vessels grow between the retina and eye’s outer layer. When the vessels leak, they cause scarring. Wet AMD starts out as dry AMD.
It's the No. 1 cause of vision loss in people over 40 in the U.S.
“Its incidence increases with every decade of age,” Aquavella says. More women suffer from it because they “tend to live 5-7 years longer than men.”

Symptoms: Most people feel no symptoms initially, but some may experience a blank spot or haziness in their central vision and color perception.

Why we get it: Doctors don’t know what causes AMD, although genetics may play a role. Other factors — age, smoking, a light-colored eye, obesity — may raise risk.

Treatment: If you have dry AMD, your doctor will monitor it to see if it’s progressing to wet AMD. He or she may also suggest special supplements of antioxidants and zinc to slow its progression.
For wet AMD, laser treatments can help destroy new blood vessels; your physician might also recommend medications to block their growth.

Best preventive steps: Many of the same steps that prevent cataracts help with AMD.
Some research suggests a link between AMD, high cholesterol, obesity and heart disease.
A study at the University of Sydney, Australia, found that eating fish lowered risk.
So stock up on low-fat meats — including two weekly servings of fish, greens and whole grains — and exercise at least 30 minutes a day, to protect your eyes… and your heart.


Source: 6 Common Eye Conditions in Women | Lifescript.com